Finance 10 min read

Mortgage Calculator & Amortization Formula Guide

Learn how monthly mortgage payments (P&I) are calculated using the amortization formula. Understand principal, interest, loan term, and total interest cost.

Table of Contents

The Standard Amortization Formula

Monthly principal & interest payment M is calculated using:

M = P × [ r(1 + r)ⁿ ] ÷ [ (1 + r)ⁿ − 1 ]

  • P: Principal loan balance (e.g. $300,000)
  • r: Monthly interest rate (Annual rate ÷ 12)
  • n: Total number of monthly payments (Years × 12)

15-Year vs 30-Year Fixed Mortgage Example ($300,000 at 6%)

  • 30-Year Fixed: Monthly payment = $1,798.65 | Total interest paid = $347,514
  • 15-Year Fixed: Monthly payment = $2,531.54 | Total interest paid = $155,677
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Reviewed by Applied Math Specialists • Editorial Policy
Updated: August 11, 2026

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